Control of weaning stress – Tributyrin,Diludine

1： Selection of weaning time

With the increase of piglets’ weight, the daily requirement of nutrients increases gradually. After the peak of feeding period, piglets should be weaned timely according to the loss of sows’ weight and Backfat. Most of the large-scale farms choose to wean for about 21 days, but the requirement of production technology is high for 21 day weaning. Farms can choose to wean for 21-28 days according to the body condition of sows (backfat loss < 5mm, body weight loss < 10-15kg).

2： Effect of weaning on Piglets

The stress of weaned piglets includes: feed conversion, from liquid feed to solid feed; The environment of feeding and management changed from delivery room to nursery; The behavior of fighting among groups and the mental pain of weaned piglets after leaving sows.

Weaning stress syndrome (pwsd)

It refers to severe diarrhea, fat loss, low survival rate, poor feed utilization rate, slow growth, stagnation of growth and development, and even the formation of stiff pigs caused by various stress factors during weaning.

The main clinical manifestations were as follows

Feed intake of pigs:

Some piglets do not eat any feed within 30-60 hours of weaning, growth stagnation or negative weight gain (commonly known as fat loss), and the feeding cycle is extended by more than 15-20 days;

Diarrhea:

The diarrhea rate was 30-100%, with an average of 50%, and the severe mortality rate was 15%, accompanied by edema;

Decreased immunity:

Diarrhea leads to decreased immunity, weakened resistance to disease, and easy secondary infection of other diseases.

Pathological changes were as follows

Pathogenic microorganism infection is one of the main causes of diarrhea caused by stress syndrome in weaned piglets. Diarrhea caused by bacterial infection is commonly caused by pathogenic Escherichia coli and Salmonella. This is mainly because in lactation, because breast milk antibodies and other inhibitors in milk inhibit the reproduction of E. coli, piglets generally do not develop this disease.

After weaning, the digestive enzymes in the intestines of piglets decrease, the digestion and absorption capacity of feed nutrients decrease, the protein spoilage and fermentation increase in the later part of the intestines, and the supply of maternal antibodies is interrupted, resulting in the decline of immunity, which is easy to cause infection and diarrhea.

Physiologic:

Gastric acid secretion was insufficient; After weaning, the source of lactic acid is terminated, the secretion of gastric acid is still very little, and the acidity in the stomach of piglets is insufficient, which limits the activation of Pepsinogen, reduces the formation of pepsin, and affects the digestion of feed, especially protein. Indigestion feed provides conditions for the reproduction of pathogenic Escherichia coli and other pathogenic bacteria in the small intestine, while the growth of Lactobacillus is inhibited, It leads to indigestion, intestinal permeability disorder and diarrhea in piglets, showing stress syndrome;

The digestive enzymes in gastrointestinal tract were less; At the age of 4-5 weeks, the digestive system of piglets was still immature and could not secrete enough digestive enzymes. Weaning piglets is a kind of stress, which can reduce the content and activity of digestive enzymes. Weaned piglets from breast milk to plant-based feed, two different sources of nutrition, coupled with high energy and high protein feed, resulting in diarrhea due to indigestion.

Feed factors:

Due to the less secretion of gastric juice, less types of digestive enzymes, low enzyme activity, and insufficient gastric acid content, if the protein content in feed is too high, it will cause indigestion and diarrhea. High fat content in feed, especially animal fat, is easy to cause diarrhea in weaned piglets. Plant lectin and antitrypsin in feed can reduce the utilization rate of soybean products for piglets. The antigen protein in soybean protein can cause intestinal allergic reaction, villus atrophy, affect the digestion and absorption of nutrients, and eventually lead to weaning stress syndrome in piglets.

Environmental factors:

When the temperature difference between day and night exceeds 10 ° When the humidity is too high, the incidence of diarrhea will also increase.

3： Controlled use of weaning stress

The negative response to weaning stress will cause irreversible damage to piglets, including atrophy of small intestinal villi, deepening of crypt, negative weight gain, increased mortality, etc., and also induce various diseases (such as Streptococcus); The growth performance of piglets with deep eye socket and gluteal groove decreased greatly, and the slaughter time will increase by more than one month.

How to control the use of weaning stress, make piglets gradually improve the level of feeding, is the content of the three-level technology system, we will do a detailed description in sections below.

Problems in weaning and care

1: More fat loss (negative weight gain) occurred in weaning ≤ 7d;

2: The proportion of weak stiff pigs increased after weaning (weaning transition, birth uniformity);

3: The rate of death increased;

The growth rate of pigs decreased with the growth of age. Piglets showed a higher growth rate before 9-13w. The way to get the best economic reward is how to make full use of the growth advantage at this stage!

The results showed that from weaning to 9-10w, although the productive potential of piglets was very high, it was not ideal in actual pig production;

How to speed up the growth rate of piglets and make their 9W weight reach 28-30kg is the key to improve the efficiency of pig raising, there are many links and processes to be done;

Early education of water and food trough can make piglets master drinking water and feeding skills, which can make use of the super feeding effect of weaning stress, improve the feeding level of piglets, and give full play to the growth potential of piglets before 9-10 weeks;

The feed intake within 42 days after weaning determines the growth rate of the whole life! Controlled use of weaning stress to improve the level of food intake can increase the 42 day old food intake to a higher level as far as possible.

The days needed for piglets to reach 20kg body weight after weaning (21 days) have a great relationship with dietary energy. When the digestible energy of the diet reaches 3.63 megacalories / kg, the best performance price ratio can be achieved. The digestible energy of the common conservation diet can not reach 3.63 megacalories / kg. In the actual production process, appropriate additives such as “Tributyrin，Diludine” of Shandong E.Fine can be selected to improve the digestible energy of the diet, In order to achieve the best cost performance.

The chart shows:

Growth continuity after weaning is very important! The damage to digestive tract was the least;

Strong immunity, less disease infection, sound drug prevention and various vaccines, high health level;

The original feeding method: piglets were weaned, then lost milk fat, then recovered, and then gained weight (about 20-25 days), which prolonged the feeding cycle and increased the breeding cost;

Current feeding methods: reduce the stress intensity, shorten the stress process of piglets after weaning, the time of slaughter will be shortened;

In the end, it reduces the cost and improves the economic benefit

Feeding after weaning

The weight gain in the first week of weaning is very important（ Weight gain in the first week: 1kg? 160-250g / head / W?) If you don’t gain weight or even lose weight in the first week, it will lead to serious consequences;

Early weaned piglets require high effective temperature (26-28 ℃) in the first week (cold stress after weaning will lead to serious consequences): decreased feed intake, decreased digestibility, decreased disease resistance, diarrhea, and multiple system failure syndrome;

Continue to feed pre weaning feed (high palatability, high digestibility, high quality)

After weaning, piglets should be fed as soon as possible to ensure the continuous supply of intestinal nutrition;

One day after weaning, it was found that the piglets’ abdomen was shriveled, which indicated that they had not yet recognized the feed, so measures must be taken to induce them to eat as soon as possible. Water?

To control diarrhea, drugs and raw materials need to be selected;

The effect of early weaning piglets and weak piglets fed with thick feed is better than that of dry feed. Thick feed can promote piglets to eat as soon as possible, increase feed intake and reduce diarrhea